R

燃油附加税 bunker surcharge
热岛效应 tropical island effect
人才 competent people; trained personnel; experts; specialists
人才流失brain drain
人才市场 the personnel market
人浮于事 overstaffing
人工智能 artificial intelligence(AI)
人海战术 huge-crowd strategy
人口负增长 negative population growth (NPG)
人均国民生产总值达到中等发达国家水平 The average per-capita GNP will reach the standard of moderately developed countries.
人均住房 per-capita housing
人民币对美圆汇率稳定 the stability of RMB exchange rate against USD
人民币贬值的压力 the devaluation pressure on RMB
人情债 debt of gratitude
融资渠道 financing channels
弱势群体 disadvantaged groups (对弱势群体给予特殊的就业援助。--Special employment assistance should be given to members of disadvantaged groups.)

S

三八红旗手 woman pace-setter
三八线 38th Parallel
三步走战略 the three-step development strategy
三大作风 the Party's three important styles of work (integrating theory with practice, forging close links with the masses and practicing self-criticism)
"三个代表" "three represents" theory (The Party should always represent the development needs of China's advanced social productive forces, always represent the onward direction of China's advanced culture, and always represent the fundamental interests of the largest member of the Chinese people.)
三个有利于 "three favorables" (whether it promotes the growth of the productive forces in a socialist society, increases the overall strength of the socialist state and raises the people's living standards
三好学生 merit student; three good student(good in study, attitude and health)
"三讲"教育（讲学习、讲政治、讲正气） "three emphases" education (to stress theoretical study, political awareness and good conduct)
三角债 chain debt
三来一补企业 the enterprises that process raw materials on clients' demands, assemble parts for the clients and process according to the clients' samples; or engage in compensation trade.
三民主义 the Three People's Principles (Nationalism, Democracy and the People's Livelihood) put forward by Dr. Sun Yat-sen
三通 three direct links of trade, mail, and air and shipping services across the Taiwan Straits
三通一平 "three supplies and one leveling"; supply of water, electricity and road and leveled ground (conditions ready for further economic development)
三无企业 three-no-enterprises (It refers to enterprises with no capital, no plant, and no administrative structure.)
三下乡 a program under which officials, doctors, scientist and college students go to the countryside to spread scientific and literacy knowledge and offer medical service to farmers
三资企业 three kinds of foreign-invested enterprises or ventures: Sino-foreign joint ventures (中外合资企业), cooperative businesses （中外合作企业） and exclusively foreign-owned enterprises in China（外商独资企业）
"扫黄"、"打非" eliminate pornography and illegal publications
沙尘暴sand storm; dust storm
商检局 Commodity Inspection Bureau
商品房空置的现象 the vacancy problem in commercial housing
商品粮基地 a commodity grain production base
商品条码 bar code
商业银行 commercial banks
上海证券交易所 the Shanghai Securities Exchange
上山下乡 (of educated urban youth) go and work in the countryside or mountain areas
上市 to be listed
上网 to get on the Internet
少数服从多数、下级服从上级、局部服从全体、全党服从中央 the minority is subordinate to the majority, the lower level to the higher level, the part to the whole and the entire membership of the Party to the Central Committee
社会热点问题 hot spots of society
社会治安情况 public security situation
涉外经济 foreign-related business
神州行电话卡 Shenzhou pre-paid card
审时度势 size up the situation
渗透、颠覆和分裂活动 infiltrative, subversive and splittist activities
生活物价指数 the cost of living index/the price index
生计问题 bread-and butter issue
生态农业 environmental-friendly agriculture
失学儿童 dropout
实话实说 speak the plain truth; call a spade a spade
实践是检验真理的唯一标准 Practice is the sole criterion for testing truth.
实体经济 the real economy
实现中华民伟大复兴 bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation
实行计划生育、控制人口数量、提高人口素质 promotion of family planning to control the population size and improve the health of the people
实现小康目标 to achieve the goal of ensuring our people a relatively comfortable life
使经济进一步市场化 make the economy more market-oriented
使大中型企业摆脱困境 extricate (free) the large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises from predicament
市场疲软 sluggish market
市场准入 market access
试点项目 pilot project
试用期 probationary period
适度从紧的财政政策 moderately tight financial policy
适销对路的产品　 readily marketable products
适者生存survival of the fittest
手机入网费 mobile access fee
首创精神 pioneering spirit
授信额度（信用贷款之最高限额）line of credit
受灾地区 disaster-affected area
售后服务 after-sale services
树立企业良好形象 foster a good and healthy company image
刷卡, 划卡 to punch the card; to stamp the card
甩卖 clearance sale; be on sale
涮羊肉 instant-boiled mutton
双刃剑 double-edged sword
双向选择 two-way selection, referring to employer and employee choosing each other in a job market
水货 smuggled goods
硕博联读 a continuous academic project that involves postgraduate and doctoral study
私人企业 private enterprises (foreign-funded, foreign financed foreign-owned) enterprises
思想僵铁 fossilized concept
四个如何认识 (江泽民总书记在今年6月28日中央思想政治工作会议上发表的重要讲话中，
提出并精辟阐述了如何认识社会主义发展的历史进程、如何认识资本主义发展的历史进程、
如何认识我国社会主义改革实践过程对人们思想的影响、如何认识当今的国际环境和国际
政治斗争带来的影响等当前直接影响干部群众思想活动的重大问题.)
In his important address to the Central Ideological and Political Work Conference on June 28 this year, Party General Secretary Jiang Zemin expounds on how to understand the historical process of socialist development; how to understand the historical process of capitalist development; how to understand the impact of China's socialist reform over the people's thinking; how to understand the impact of the current international environment and political struggle.
四十不惑 Life begins at forty.
四项基本原则 the Four Cardinal Principles of adherence to the socialist road, the people's democratic dictatorship, the leadership of the Communist Party of China, and Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought
(企业集团的）松散层 loose level (of an enterprise group)
素质教育 education for all-around development